A1.+Comparisons+between+Hinduism,+Confucianism+as+religious+and+philosophical+systems+including+some+similarities+in+cementing+a+social+hierarchy

Social Hierarchy 1. Hinduism 2. Confucianism
 * based off of the traditional Aryan-derived **caste system** (named "caste" after a Portuguese 16th century Indian visit)
 * class distinctions developed with Aryan settlement of India (Indo-European northern tribes began migrating to northern India by 1500 B.C.E; gradual migration)
 * growing social complexity and Aryan-Dravidian interactions (clashings) ---> define social distinctions
 * early Hinduism (pre 1000 BCE)- //varna// (Sanskrit for "color") distinctions based on **Aryan-Dravidian ancestry**
 * post-1000 BCE: **position in society**- //brahmins// (priests), //kshatriyas// (warriors/aristocrats), //vaishyas// (cultivators/artisans/merchants), //shudras// (peasants/serfs)
 * untouchables were later added to the caste system (post-Vedic age)
 * post-Vedic age: as a more complex society with specialized occupations emerged ---> **subcastes** (//jati//) prescribed individuals' roles in society by the 18th and 19th centuries with thousands of //jati// (all still under one of the 4 main //varna//)
 * strict rules regulated all inter-//jati// interactions (violation could result in expulsion from larger group- very serious)
 * social mobility usually resulted from the group as a whole (a //jati// improved condition collectively)
 * the possibility of social mobility and the inclusion of foreigners into the caste system maintained relative order
 * This type of social hierarchy was adopted by many other areas throughout the world such as: Japan, Korea and Southeast Asia.
 * original thought was not concerned with the structure of the state, but rather the 5 relationships and developing //junzi// (superior individuals with broad public views and no personal afflictions)
 * Chinese society: emperor, scholar-bureaucrats/gentry (scholar-bureaucrats ranked slightly higher due to official positions from a Confucian education, but both were intermediaries with the imperial government/society), peasants/artisans/merchants (peasants highest- honest labor/supply food, artisans/workers- higher incomes but followed self-interests, merchants- seen as "unscrupulous moral parasites" but gentry support blurred social distinctions), "mean people" (slaves, indentured servants, and marginal groups)

Hinduism- primarily based off of **position in society** and **ancestry** with religious undertones (all //varna// said to be parts of Brahman's body) Confucianism- primarily based off of Confucian education, **birth**, and moral standings (**positions in society**)


 * Similarities and Differences Between Hinduism and Confucianism**


 * Similarities**

Hinduism > -- > -- > Confucianism > -- > -- > **Differences** > -- > Hinduism > -- > -- > Confucianism > -- > --
 * 3 Main Principles: Karma, Dharma, and Sansara
 * Peaceful- bring order in human existence
 * Leader [Brahman]
 * Life Goals [to be one with Brahman]
 * Strict policies on education, and social status
 * Influenced philosophy [reason and morality]
 * 3 Main Values: Ren, Li, Xiao
 * Peaceful- bring order in human existence
 * Leader [Junzi]
 * Life Goals [to be the best Confucian you can be]
 * Strict policies on education, and social status
 * Influenced philosophy [humanity and behavior
 * Religious and Social System
 * Spiritually Based
 * Your soul is reincarnated into a new body after you die, you can move either up or down in the Caste System.
 * The Bhagavad Gita was a book on salvation
 * Vishnu was the world preserver [God]
 * Shiva was the god of fertility
 * The Moksha was the salvation of the soul which was atcheived by meeting caste responsibilities
 * India
 * Concept of honor- Dharma
 * Moral, Political, and Social Philosophy (no god or gods)
 * Family Based (Patriarchal)
 * Based on being Tolerant
 * China
 * Concept of respect- filial piety

Explanations: Terms and People > --

>
 * Hinduism
 * Karma- The good or bad things that you do during your life that determine a persons next place in their next life
 * Dharma- Your "Duty"to the Hindu religious symbols or laws
 * Sansara- The Hindu term for incarnation
 * Caste System- The hierarchical system for the Hindu society with 5 classes [Brahmins (preists), Kshatriyas (warriors), Vaishyas:(artisans,merchants) , Shudras (peasants,serfs), Untouchables (**lowest** in society)]
 * Brahman- He is considered the creator of Hinduism
 * Confucianism
 * Ren- Being respectful and loyal
 * Li- Show respect to all humans and your elders
 * Xiao- Show respect towards your family
 * Junzi - Important individuals that overlooked public affairs
 * Confucius- creator of Confucianism

Creators: Will, Luke, Cathy Editors: Adam Angelino Brian Turley Peri Curtis Overview of Hinduism and Confucianism was helpful and then clearly comparing and contrasting them was efficient Vocabulary at the end was also a great tool Maybe some more pictures but still good work